The manufacturers don't pay for training the mechanics or individual dealerships sales campaigns. They may make up the basic ad for the vehicles but as far as flyers, each dealer's ad, promotions (come try this key and see if you win!), etc, that's all paid by the dealers. The dealer I used to work for got mad for every person you let walk away because they figured that each customer cost them on average x amount of dollars to get there (plus each customer walking away is a customer not buying a car.) Mechanics are trained through universities (I was looking into that when getting out of the Corps) and follow on training is done by the dealers as well (as far as I know). Yes, there is less competition, however in areas like where I am, we just lost our Chevy dealer, so in order to buy a Chevy or get service done, we have to drive down the hill to Cathedral City, 70 miles from here, or to La Quinta which is even further. We still have Ford, Chrysler and Jeep though. Suzuki recently left the area, Nissan left with the Chevy dealer. Other than that, we have lots of small used car lots.