Since you just redid them, I'd take them apart, and check, as Old Man suggests, to make sure they're together right. Short shoes lead. Make sure all springs are in place, and double check that the adjuster cable guide is on right. The cable guide sits in a hole in the shoe, and one of the springs goes through it. It's very easy for that guide to fall slightly out of the hole, yet still be retained by the spring. When that happens, it can look right, but the cable is too slack and there will be no adjustment. Look carefully at the placement of the adjuster pawl on the adjuster. If it's not obviously ready to catch a tooth on the adjuster, there's a problem. No insult intended to the experienced here, but also check that you didn't mix up adjusters between right and left.
Did you replace all the springs and hardware? If not, a stretched or damaged spring could cause problems.
Assuming everything is in place, make sure you manually adjust the brakes, and then run the self adjusters a few times as well. Drive slowly back and forth on pavement, push brakes firmly, and make sure you come to a full stop each time.